Shoulder range of motion exercises combine dynamic movements and static stretches, including essential exercises like wall slides, shoulder pass-throughs, and open book rotations that target different aspects of shoulder mobility. A well-rounded shoulder mobility routine should incorporate both active movements that engage the muscles and passive stretches that help lengthen the tissues, with exercises typically performed 2-3 times per week for 5-15 minutes per session. These exercises focus on improving flexibility in multiple directions – overhead reaching, cross-body movements, and rotational patterns – while helping to counteract the negative effects of prolonged sitting and poor posture. For optimal results, dynamic stretches should be performed before workouts while static stretches are best done after exercise, with all movements executed slowly and within a pain-free range.